Presentation on the topic of synchronized swimming. Presentation of synchronized swimming. Preparing to Execute

Slide 1

Slide 2

“What it represents” Synchronized swimming is a mixture of gymnastics, acrobatics and swimming. This sport involves performing various figures in water to music. Modern synchronized swimming traces its history back to Ancient Greece and Rome, where during holidays boys and girls held round dances in the water. Synchronized swimming became a sport only at the end of the 19th century, and was originally called “artistic swimming”.

Slide 3

Slide 4

This type of swimming consists of the perfect execution of swimming movements in form and the flawless execution of figures of greater or less complexity. Just like a figure skater on ice, an athlete in synchronized swimming strives for the aesthetic execution of the most difficult elements of movement. The rhythm of movements should be synchronous with the rhythm of the musical accompaniment. Each performance has a specific theme expressed through music and movement. In most cases, the starting point in the design of a performance is music, the content of which determines the necessary postures, elements of movement and gestures. In addition, the essence of synchronized swimming is the still image of certain patterns on the water by a group of athletes. Music serves to enhance the expressiveness of what is depicted. The transition from one pattern to another is performed in certain places of the musical work. Athletes draw patterns on the surface of the water that change like a kaleidoscope. The transition from one pattern to another is performed by athletes in a supine position or under water.

Slide 5

Slide 6

“Competition” COMPETITION During the competition, participants must perform two programs in front of the judges: the first is purely technical, compulsory; the second is free performance (free program). The compulsory program must include certain elements performed in a strict order (6 solo figures, 7 duets and 8 team figures), while the free program allows competitors to demonstrate artistic compositions including technical elements of their own choice, united by a common choreography. For each program two grades are given:

Slide 7

Slide 8

“TECHNICAL PROGRAM” The requirements for performance technique in synchronized swimming are very strict. Athletes can perform exercises to arbitrary musical accompaniment, but they must complete all elements in a strictly established order. The elements required to be performed are determined every 4 years by the Technical Committee of Synchronized Swimming. Duets are given 20 seconds to complete each element of the program, and teams 50 seconds.

Slide 9

“PREPARATION FOR EXECUTION” (starting position) When performing all programs, participants are given 10 seconds to take the starting position. It sets the tone for the entire performance, lets the judges and audience know what to expect from the performance, and creates a good first impression.

Slide 10

Slide 11

“Judging” Similar to gymnastics and diving, judges evaluate various aspects of the performance using a 10-point system. The discreteness of the assessment is 0.1 points. Two groups of judges, 5 people each, are located around the pool. One group evaluates performance technique, the other - artistry.

Slide 12

Slide 13

“FREE PROGRAM” For free exercises, both teams and duets can select exercises and music themselves. They must not only create a single composition, but also include complex elements in it. When performing a free program, athletes must also use the entire area of the pool, change the mode and pace in the process, include new elements, unexpected patterns of movements, their changes and movements above the water. The free program lasts 4 minutes for duets and 5 minutes for teams.

Slide 14

Slide 15

“The First Team” The first swimming team was created in 1882 in England, and in the 1930s. artistic swimming became widespread in Europe and the USA. In 1952, at the French Championships, the first performances of female athletes in water accompanied by music took place.

Introduction

Synchronized swimming is a sport associated with performing various figures in the water to music. Synchronized swimming is one of the most sophisticated and elegant of all sports. However, despite the apparent ease, it is very demanding - in addition to the fact that athletes experience serious physical stress, they need to have not only endurance, but also flexibility, grace, honed skill and exceptional breathing control.

In most cases, the starting point in the design of a performance is music, the content of which determines the necessary postures, elements of movement and gestures. In addition, the essence of synchronized swimming is the still image of certain patterns on the water by a group of athletes. Music serves to enhance the expressiveness of what is depicted. The transition from one pattern to another is performed in certain places of the musical work. Athletes draw patterns on the surface of the water that change like a kaleidoscope. The transition from one pattern to another is performed by athletes in a supine position or under water.

Very specific but vital technical equipment allows athletes to maintain the illusion of lightness, although it is sometimes very difficult to control their movements and breathing while being upside down under water for several minutes. Clips on the nose protect synchronized swimmers from getting water into their lungs, which allows them to stay under water for a very long time. Underwater speakers play a very important role - they allow athletes to clearly hear music even while they are underwater, which greatly helps them achieve maximum synchrony in their actions.

History of synchronized swimming

Currently, synchronized swimming is an exclusively women's sport, although the first "art swimmers" were men, and the first figure swimming competition was a men's competition in Berlin in 1891. In 1892, a group of swimmers was formed in England, performing various figures in the water.

At the beginning of the 20th century, round dance swimming was known in Europe. In the swimming pools of a number of European countries, on special occasions, figure “marching” on the water was performed to the sounds of a brass band. Participants in the performances, when changing formations, formed geometric figures on the surface of the pool, which always aroused keen interest of the public. Subsequently, competitions even began to be held in which teams of 8-24 people participated. On the American continent, such performances were called synchronous, since the movements had to be coordinated. Men and women took part in them.

Simultaneously with figure “marching” on the water and round dance swimming, competitions appeared for members of rescue societies performing individual exercises on the water. For example, in 1920, a lifeguard exam was held at the Montreal swimming pool. The program of this exam included many exercises similar to acrobatic ones, which were later included in the list of synchronized swimming figures. This is how the first figure competitions arose. For a long time, both types (as demonstration performances) were collectively called artistic swimming.

There was a period in France when artistic swimming performances were called water ballet. The first major national competitions in France in 1951 featured both acrobatic figures in the water and rhythmic group swimming to music.

In 1952, a synchronized swimming committee was formed under the International Amateur Swimming Federation FINA. As a promising sports discipline, artistic swimming was demonstrated at the Helsinki Olympics in 1952. The demonstration performances were timed to coincide with the FINA Congress, which took place during the XV Olympic Games.

In 1956, at a meeting of the commission of the FINA Artistic Swimming Committee, the first international rules were approved. In 1973, the first World Aquatics Championships took place. European aquatics championships began to be held in full only in 1977.

In 1984, at the Games of the XXIII Olympiad in Los Angeles, Olympic medals for synchronized swimming were awarded for the first time. 17 athletes competed in singles, the winner was American Tracy Ruiz, Canadian Caroline Waldo won the silver medal, and Japanese Miwako Motoyoshi won the bronze medal. At the 1988 and 1992 Olympic Games, athletes competed in singles - solo, and doubles - duets, categories. At the 1996 Olympic Games, athletes also competed in group exercises. Until 2000, Olympic medals in synchronized swimming were generally distributed among athletes from three countries: the USA, Canada and Japan. At the Games of the XXVII Olympiad in Sydney, Russian athletes were awarded gold medals.

In our country, at the beginning of the last century, various water festivals were also held. The performances of the athletes had not yet acquired a competitive nature, but, nevertheless, they were popular with the audience. This type of performance apparently began to be called figure swimming by analogy with figure skating. Perhaps the basis for this name was the execution of figures not only on the surface of the water, but also in the deep part of the pool. Both men and women participated in these unofficial competitions. Gradually, group performances of 4-16 athletes became more and more popular, demonstrating planar group figures (ornaments), which alternated with figure swims along different trajectories in compliance with the order, i.e. intervals and distances between swimmers. The number of participants in some performances increased to 24, and the patterns on the water became more complex. It is characteristic that the best representatives of sports swimming, outstanding athletes Zoya Fedorova, Olga Khatuntseva, Klavdiya Kuznetsova, and the Vtorov sisters - Antonina, Alexandra, Evgenia and Lyudmila, actively participated in figure swimming performances in those years. Figure swimming performances were especially popular in the mid-30s of the 20th century and were an integral part of many sports festivals, which took place, as a rule, at water sports stations in open water bodies. In the post-war years, amateur figure swimming groups were gradually organized. One of the first to organize was a group of female students from the Lvov Medical Institute. In this section, plot-based performances with musical accompaniment were used for the first time. In 1957, the largest group in the history of artistic swimming was organized for demonstration performances at the VI World Festival of Youth and Students. The performances were held in the swimming pool of the Central Stadium named after V.I. Lenin in Luzhniki and were a great success. In subsequent years, colorful performances by water skaters with the participation of circus performers were repeatedly held in the same pool.

The first official Moscow championship took place in 1961. In 1969, artistic swimming was included in the calendar of sports events in Moscow. Starting this year, competitions for the opening prize of the season, the individual Moscow championship and the Moscow Cup began to be held regularly.

In 1968, the city council of the Union of Sports Societies and Organizations approved rank requirements and standards for artistic swimming (from youth to 2nd adult rank), as well as competition rules and a classification program.

In 1974, at the request of the Moscow Federation of Artistic Swimming, the editors of the magazine “Soviet Woman” established a prize for spring competitions dedicated to International Women’s Day. These competitions were destined to become international after 9 years.

In 1977, the All-Union Commission on Artistic Swimming was created under the USSR Swimming Federation. The first chairman of this commission was People's Artist of the USSR Maya Plisetskaya.

In 1980, the Synchronized Swimming Federation was formed. In 1986, Soviet athletes already participated in the World Championships.

Sport program

Technical program

The technical requirements for synchronized swimming are very strict. Athletes can perform exercises to arbitrary musical accompaniment, but they must complete all elements in a strictly established order. The elements required to be performed are determined every 4 years by the Technical Committee of Synchronized Swimming. Duets are given 20 seconds to complete each element of the program, and teams 50 seconds.

Figure swimming techniques include various swimming methods, paddeln, practicing compulsory figures and forming patterns.

Swimming styles. Athletes must master the following swimming styles: crawl, backstroke, breaststroke, butterfly, sidestroke, as well as variations of these methods. Mastery of these styles is a necessary prerequisite for practicing figure swimming. However, the technical principle of their reproduction in figure swimming is changing. The face is constantly above the water; so that the athlete can follow the musical rhythm, maintain orientation in space and coordinate her movements with the movements of her partners; vigorous footwork occurs deep underwater to prevent splashes from appearing on the surface; hand movements are stylized, their tempo, direction, shape and emphasis depend on the music, theme and level of preparedness of the team.

"Paddeln" (doggy style swimming). Although paddeln is not generally recognized as a swimming style, it is extremely important in figure swimming. Paddeln are small movements of the arms and hands that increase buoyancy and allow you to perform a variety of movements in the water. “Paddeln” in a supine position in place (the hands move to the sides at a level slightly below the hips) is often the starting and final position when performing figures in synchronized swimming. "Paddeln" serves to propel the body forward when changing patterns, unless the transition is made under water.

Figures. According to the international classification, figures in synchronized swimming are divided into five groups (“ballet position”, “dolphin”, “contra-dolphin”, “salt” and “diverse”) and are designated by numbers. The figures of the “ballet position” group are characterized by a leg raised vertically above the surface of the water with the toe pulled out. In the starting position, the athlete lies on her back on the surface of the water with her body in an absolutely extended position. Individual figures are performed by rotation around the longitudinal and transverse axis, as well as various forms of diving and ascent.

The “dolphin” and “contra-dolphin” groups are characterized by swimming a circle, which begins with a dive in a supine position and ends with an ascent in the same position. In the figures of the “dolphin” group, the circle is swam head first, in the “contra-dolphin” group - feet first. Slightly bending one leg at the knee, pulling back the toes, rotating around the longitudinal axis, continuously swimming two circles to perform a horizontal figure eight figure, simultaneous swimming of a circle by two or more participants - all these are significant possibilities for varying the figures of these groups.

While in other sports you must make at least one full rotation to perform a somersault, in figure swimming a quarter rotation is considered a somersault. So, for example, the first in the salti group, the barracuda figure, consists of diving head first in a supine position, followed by lifting the legs bent at the hip joints above the surface of the water. This group also includes rotations performed with the legs bent at the knees and hip joints (in the “tuck” position) or only at the hip joints. Directly adjacent to the rotations is a movement that ensures that the legs are carried vertically above the surface of the water. However, the legs should not “freeze” in this position above the water.

The “diverse” group includes all other forms of movement, which consist of performing handstands, flips, rotations on the surface of the water and figures.

Education of drawings. The technique of forming patterns in synchronized swimming does not imply mastery of a large number of forms of movement. The body of the athlete, lying on her back, is flatly extended on the surface of the water. She should be able to remain in this position for a long time without moving her arms and legs. At the same time, the arms can be pressed to the body, half-lowered in relation to the body, spread out in different directions, half-raised or raised vertically above the head. The pelvic muscles are tense. Extended legs with pointed toes can be closed or spread apart.

The designs are based on triangles, quadrangles and circles, which can be transformed into crosses, stars and other designs. Athletes hold on to each other (connection methods: hand to hand, foot to foot, foot to head, foot to hand, etc.). By closing and spreading their arms and legs, athletes can make the drawings move, as it were. You can achieve an increased effect by forming circles. A very effective and difficult exercise in synchronized swimming (group) is the “wheel”. This exercise does not involve creating a pattern on the surface of the water, but represents a figure in constant motion. All athletes of one group lie on their backs in one row, touching their partner’s head with their feet. The first one dives head first, as when performing exercises in the “dolphin” group, and swims under everyone nearby. She remains underwater until she surfaces and touches her head to the feet of the last participant in the row. Since the movement of the entire group is continuous and the head-to-foot connection is not broken, the swimmers depict a spinning dolphin wheel. Rules. In synchronized swimming, individual competitions are held (“soloists”, competitions between “duets”) and team competitions, in which groups of 4-8 or more athletes participate. The scoring is done by seven judges, awarding points from 0 to 10 (half a point can be awarded). In synchronized swimming, five out of 100 possible figures are selected for the compulsory program. This is done by drawing lots before the start of the competition, with 3 exercises not exceeding the degree of difficulty 1.7 (1st series) and 2 exercises not exceeding the degree of difficulty 1.7 (2nd series). Every four years, figures of the 1st and 2nd series are re-approved by the International Figure Swimming Commission of the International Swimming Federation. Each exercise is performed separately, without musical accompaniment. A score is given for it, which is derived as follows: the minimum and maximum marks from the seven given are excluded, then the arithmetic mean is derived from the remaining five, which is compared with the degree of difficulty of the exercise performed.

Free program

For free exercises, teams and duets can choose their own exercises and music. They must not only create a single composition, but also include complex elements in it. When performing a free program, athletes must also use the entire area of the pool, change the mode and pace in the process, include new elements, unexpected patterns of movements, their changes and movements above the water. The free program lasts 4 minutes for duets and 5 minutes for teams. The introductory movements on land included in the program should not be performed for longer than 20 seconds.

It is much more difficult to evaluate a free program that is performed with musical accompaniment. Each of the seven judges must, in one assessment, take into account the degree of synchronicity, the degree of complexity of the figures and movements, expressiveness, compositional embodiment of the program, the perfection of movements in the water, the coordination of actions between the participants, the depth of the theme, the selection of costumes, the appearance and originality of the program.

Training

A highly developed sense of water and good spatial and temporal orientation are the main prerequisites that allow complex movements to be performed in a given rhythm above and below water and on the surface of the water.

Training in water. From the very beginning, great attention is paid to collective training, where possible with rhythmic execution of exercises. General training in water includes crawl and backstroke swimming (in the beginning, the waltz rhythm is especially recommended for accompaniment), paddling, diving and swimming in various groups and performing figures. Special training includes practicing figures and drawings, as well as entire programs.

Dry training. This type of training is extremely necessary in synchronized swimming. Elements of ballet and artistic gymnastics help develop correct posture and beautiful movements. The rhythm of a piece of music is captured by playing it repeatedly and simultaneously performing numerous exercises on land. It is better to develop the stereotype of movements, the required range and energy outside the water.

Drawing up a program requires a lot of preliminary work. First of all, an analysis of the musical accompaniment and selection of movements is carried out, and the decisive factor for this selection is the theme and originality of the musical work. It is necessary to prepare appropriate costumes. When drawing up a program, it is necessary to take into account the advantages and disadvantages of the pool where the program will be carried out.

Preparing to Execute

Performance technique

3 characteristics are assessed - correctness of execution, synchronicity, complexity. Athletes must be deep in the water, their movements must be flexible and confident, and they must be precise from start to finish. All team members must synchronously change body position, make pushes, move parts of the body and move.

Artistry

The sensuality of the performance and the external impression, as well as the execution of the exercises from the point of view of choreography, are assessed. The compliance of the musical accompaniment with the movements performed is also checked.

Judging

Similar to gymnastics and diving, judges score various aspects of a performance using a 10-point system. The discreteness of the assessment is 0.1 points. Two groups of judges, 5 people each, are located around the pool. One group evaluates performance technique, the other - artistry.

Scoring

The highest and lowest grades are not taken into account. The average score for the remaining three is displayed. The technical score is multiplied by 0.6, while the artistry score is multiplied by 0.4. The sum of points is the score for completing the program. But this is not the final assessment. To determine the winner and final distribution of places, scores for technical and free exercises will be increased by 35% and 65%, respectively. When these two sums are added, the final result is obtained. All calculations are made electronically.

Violations

In both the free and technical programs, performers may be awarded 2 penalty points for gross violations, for example, pushing off the bottom of the pool to help themselves and their partner. One point is awarded for less serious violations, for example, for overstaying the time when preparing and executing the program and elements. In the technical program, 2 points are also awarded for a missed mandatory element, and 0.5 points for a missed part of an element.

Other rules

If an athlete voluntarily stops performing the program, the duo or team will be disqualified. If this happens during preparation and the program starts again, then a penalty of 2 points follows.

Music should only be heard over water and at a level of no more than 90 dB.

Ties are declared only in the final result, calculated to the nearest 3 tenths of a point.

In a technical program, the referee makes the final decision after watching the video footage.

Pool

For synchronized swimming competitions, the pool must be 20m x 30m in size, with an area of 12m x 12m and a depth of at least 3m. The water temperature should be 26 C + - 1 C. The water should be transparent from the surface to the very bottom to ensure visibility when assessing the performance of the elements.

Synchronized swimming at the Olympics

synchronized swimming training olympic

Before the 1992 Barcelona Olympics, the synchronized swimming competition program consisted of singles (solo) and doubles. At the 1996 Atlanta Games, the Olympic program for synchronized swimming underwent changes: singles and doubles competitions were excluded from it and group exercises were included. Thus, in this sport at the Olympic Games in Atlanta, the competition was fought for only one set of awards. The team of each country participating in these competitions included ten athletes. The US team won gold medals, Canada won silver, and Japan won bronze. Since the 2000 Olympic Games, two sets of Olympic medals have been awarded - among duets and in team competitions.

The head coach of the Russian national team is Tatyana Nikolaevna Pokrovskaya.

In the list of the strongest synchronized swimmers in the world who won the most awards at the Olympic Games, the first four places are occupied by Russian athletes: Anastasia Davydova and Anastasia Ermakova - 4 gold medals each, Olga Brusnikina and Maria Kiseleva - 3 gold medals each.

The first Russian Olympic champions in synchronized swimming are O. Brusnikina and M. Kiseleva.

Champions and medalists of the Olympic Games in synchronized swimming.

Elena Azarova2000 Sydney Groups 2004 Athens Groups Elena Antonova 2000 Sydney Groups Olga Brusnikina 2000 Sydney Duets 2000 Sydney Groups 2004 Athens Groups Yulia Vasilyeva 2000 Sydney Groups Olga Vasyukova 2000 Sydney Groups Maria Gromova 2004 Athens Groups 2008 Beijing Groups 2012 London Groups Yes Vydova Anastasia2004 Athens Duets 2004 Athens Groups 2008 Beijing Duets 2008 Beijing Groups 2012 London Groups Ermakova Anastasia2004 Athens Duets 2004 Athens Groups 2008 Beijing Duets 2008 Beijing Groups Natalia Ishchenko 2008 Beijing Groups 2012 London Duet 2012 London Groups Kiseleva Maria 2000 Sydney Duets 2000 Sydney Groups 2004 Athens Groups Daria Korobova 2012 London Groups Olga Kuzhela 2000 Sydney Groups 2004 Athens Groups Olga Novokshenova2008 Beijing GroupElena Ovchinnikova2008 Beijing GroupAlexandra Patskevich2012 London GroupIrina Pershina2000 Sydney Romashina Group Svetlana2008 Beijing Groups 2012 London Duet 2012 London GroupsSoya Elena2000 Sydney GroupsTimanina Angelika2012 London GroupsElvira Khasyanova2004 Athens Groups 2008 Beijing Groups 2012 London GroupsShishkina Alla2012 London GroupsShorina Anna2004 Athens Groups 2008 Beijing Groups

Legends of synchronized swimming

Among the famous synchronized swimmers: Tracy Ruiz (USA), Caroline Waldo (Canada), Miwako Motoyoshi (Japan), Sandy Bones (USA), Sharon Hembrook and Kelly Kritska (Canada), Saeko Kimura and Mikako Kotani (Japan), Michelle Cameron (Canada ), Karen and Sarah Josephson (USA), Miyako Tanaka and Mikako Kotani (Japan), Christine Babb-Sprague (USA), Sylvie Freichette (Canada), Fumiko Ono (Japan), Penny and Vicky Vilagos (Canada), Aki Tayama ( Japan).

Russians: Maria Kiseleva and Olga Brusnikina, Natalya Ishchenko, Anastasia Davydova, Anastasia Ermakova.

Literature

1.#"justify">. #"justify">. #"justify">. #"justify">. #"justify">.http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki

Slide 2

"What Represents"

Synchronized swimming is a mixture of gymnastics, acrobatics and swimming. This sport is associated with performing various figures in the water to music. Modern synchronized swimming traces its history back to Ancient Greece and Rome, where during holidays boys and girls held round dances in the water. Synchronized swimming became a sport only at the end of the 19th century, and was originally called “artistic swimming”.

Slide 3

Slide 4

Slide 5

Slide 6

"Competition"

COMPETITION During the competition, participants must perform two programs in front of the judges: the first is purely technical, compulsory; the second is free performance (free program). The compulsory program must include certain elements performed in a strict order (6 solo figures, 7 duets and 8 team figures), while the free program allows competitors to demonstrate artistic compositions including technical elements of their own choice, united by a common choreography. For each program two grades are given:

Slide 7

Slide 8

"TECHNICAL PROGRAM"

Slide 9

“PREPARATION FOR EXECUTION” (starting position)

When performing all programs, participants are given 10 seconds to take the starting position. It sets the tone for the entire performance, lets the judges and audience know what to expect from the performance, and creates a good first impression.

Slide 10

Slide 11

"Refereeing"

Slide 12

Slide 13

"FREE PROGRAM"

Slide 14

Slide 15

"First Team"

The first swimming team was created in 1882 in England, and in the 1930s. artistic swimming became widespread in Europe and the USA. In 1952, at the French Championships, the first performances of female athletes in water accompanied by music took place.

Synchronized swimming is a discipline that belongs to water sports. It is associated with performing various figures on the water and to the music. This sport is rightfully considered one of the most beautiful and elegant, since the athletes performing in it have not only strength and endurance, but also grace, flexibility and elegance.

Subsequently, various performances, acrobatic exercises and water dances became so interesting to the public that in 1940 a film about the “water ballet” was made. He led the sport to become even more widespread. In 1952, the first synchronized swimming championship was held. In 1952, the first synchronized swimming championship was held.

It was only in 1984 that this discipline was represented at the Olympic Games by singles and doubles competitions. In 1996 they were replaced by team competitions, and in 2000 it was decided to introduce pairs and team competitions into the Olympic program. At the Olympics in 2000, 2004, 2008, 2012, all the highest medals were won by the Russian synchronized swimming team.

TECHNICAL PROGRAM The requirements for performance technique in synchronized swimming are very stringent. Athletes can perform exercises to arbitrary musical accompaniment, but they must complete all elements in a strictly established order. The elements required to be performed are determined every 4 years by the Technical Committee of Synchronized Swimming. Duets are given 20 seconds to complete each element of the program, and teams 50 seconds.

FREE PROGRAM For free exercises, teams and duets can choose their own exercises and music. They must not only create a single composition, but also include complex elements in it. When performing a free program, athletes must also use the entire area of the pool, change the mode and pace in the process, include new elements, unexpected patterns of movements, their changes and movements above the water. The free program continues for 4 minutes for duets and teams.

PREPARATION FOR EXECUTION When performing all programs, participants are given 10 seconds to take the starting position. It sets the tone for the entire performance, lets the judges and audience know what to expect from the performance, and creates a good first impression.

Judging Similar to gymnastics and diving, judges evaluate various aspects of a performance using a 10-point system. The discreteness of the assessment is 0.1 points. Two groups of judges, 5 people each, are located around the pool. One group evaluates performance technique, the other - artistry.

TECHNIQUE OF EXECUTION 3 characteristics are assessed - correctness of execution, synchronicity, complexity. Athletes must be deep in the water, their movements must be flexible and confident, and they must be precise from start to finish. All team members must synchronously change body position, make pushes, move parts of the body and move.

SCORING The highest and lowest scores do not count. The average score for the remaining three is displayed. The technical score is multiplied by 0.6, while the artistry score is multiplied by 0.4. The sum of points is the score for completing the program. But this is not the final assessment. To determine the winner and final distribution of places, scores for technical and free exercises will be increased by 35% and 65%, respectively. When these two sums are added, the final result is obtained.

VIOLATIONS In both the free and technical programs, performers may be awarded 2 penalty points for gross violations, for example, pushing off the bottom of the pool to help themselves and their partner. One point is awarded for less serious violations, for example, for overstaying the time when preparing and executing the program and elements. In the technical program, 2 points are also awarded for a missed mandatory element, and 0.5 points for a missed part of an element.

Synchronized swimming is a universal sport for growing girls. In addition, synchronized swimming can give young talents excellent posture, uniform development of all muscle groups, eliminate physical inactivity, improve coordination of movements and train the vestibular apparatus.

Moscow State Linguistic University

Abstract on Physical Culture:

"Synchronized swimming".

Completed by a 1st year student

101 groups, FFJ

Ulybina Yulia Valerievna.

Moscow 2009.

History of Synchronized Swimming………………………………………………..3

Technical program………………………………………………………8

Free program……………………………………………………......9

Preparation for implementation……………..……………………………………………………....10

Execution technique…………………………………………………………….10

Artistry………………………………………………………………………………..11

Scoring………………………………………………………………………………...11

Violations………………………………………………………………………………….11

Other rules…………………………………………………………………………………..12

Judging…………………………………………………………………………………...12

Swimming pool………………………………………………………………………………………...12

Synchronized swimming.

Ideally, synchronized swimming should combine the beauty of form and content. Athletes, through hard training, try to achieve perfection and synchronization of graceful movements.

Very specific but vital technical equipment allows athletes to maintain this illusion of lightness, although it is sometimes very difficult to control their movements and breathing while being upside down under water for several minutes. Clips on the nose protect synchronized swimmers from getting water into their lungs, which allows them to stay under water for a very long time. Gelatin preserves girls' hairstyles, and cosmetics have their own characteristics, not being washed off in water under any circumstances.

Underwater speakers play a very important role - they allow athletes to clearly hear music even while they are underwater, which greatly helps them achieve maximum synchrony in their actions.

History of synchronized swimming.
Synchronized swimming became an Olympic sport in 1984. as singles and doubles competitions, and since 1996. they were replaced by a competition between teams of 8 women. The universally recognized forge of synchronized swimming masters is the USA.
Olympic synchronized swimming competitions last 2 hours 45 minutes. The judges evaluate the complexity and artistry of the compulsory and free programs; of the total points earned by the team, the free program accounts for 65%.
Synchronized swimming is a sport in which athletes need to most accurately, and in a team performance, synchronously perform complex figures and movements to the music.
In Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome, holidays and games were held in water, including round dances from the bodies of floating boys and girls.

The first prerequisites for the development of synchronized swimming as a sport appeared only at the end of the 19th century.

Currently, synchronized swimming is an exclusively women's sport, although the first "artistic swimmers" were men, and the first figure swimming competition was a men's competition in Berlin in 1891. In 1892, a group of swimmers was formed in England, performing various exercises in the water. figures. At the beginning of the 20th century. The “Chaika” club was created in France. This club played a significant role in the popularization of this type of swimming, then called “artistic swimming”. By the 30s of the XX century. it has become widespread in various countries of Europe and North America. In 1952, at the French Artistic Swimming Championships, athletes' performances were accompanied by music for the first time.
During the Games of the XV Olympiad in Helsinki in 1952, demonstration performances in this sport were held by American athletes. The success of these performances contributed to the official international recognition of the sport. Since then it has been called “synchronized swimming”. In the same 1952, a synchronized swimming committee was formed under the International Amateur Swimming Federation FINA.
In 1958, the first international synchronized swimming competitions were held in Amsterdam, in which athletes from nine countries participated, and in 1973, together with representatives of other water sports - swimming, diving, water polo, masters of synchronized swimming competed for the first time in the world championship .
The International Swimming Federation FINA has a synchronized swimming committee, which was formed in 1952.
Synchronized swimming has been included in the Olympic Games program since 1984. At the 1988 and 1992 Olympic Games, athletes competed in singles - solo, and doubles - duets, categories. At the 1996 Olympic Games, female athletes competed in group exercises.
Currently, synchronized swimming is an exclusively women's sport, although the first “art swimmers” were men, and the first figure swimming competition was a men's competition in Berlin in 1891.
In 1907, Annette Kellerman, Australian champion swimmer, delighted audiences with her “water dancing” performance in New York.
Until 1920, “water ballet,” as it came to be called, was not recognized as a sport. Figure swimming received its main impetus in 1924 at the first World Championships in Montreal. Then it spread to the United States and other countries.
In the 50s and 60s. Figure swimming was demonstrated at all swimming competitions, including the Olympic Games, and in 1984 it was included in the Olympic program as an exclusively women's discipline.
At the Olympics in Sydney, women will compete in two events - among duets and among teams.
8 teams of 8 participants each and 24 duets will compete for medals. Duets will begin with a preliminary round where they will perform technical and free programs. The 12 best duets advance to the finals, where they will again perform a free program. In team competitions, the finals immediately follow, in which technical and free programs are performed.

At the Games of the XXIV Olympiad in Seoul in 1988, the synchronized swimming competition program remained unchanged. It is interesting to note that the winner of two gold medals of the previous Games, American Tracy Ruiz, after her Olympic victories in 1984, stopped active training in synchronized swimming, got married and became interested in bodybuilding.

In 1987, intending to repeat her success at the next Olympic Games, she returned to synchronized swimming and even won the pre-Olympic competition. However, the Canadian athlete Caroline Waldo, who at the Games of the XXIII Olympiad in Los Angeles in 1984 became a silver medalist in solo, at the Games of the XXIV Olympiad in Seoul in 1988, turned out to be stronger than her rival from the United States and won the gold medal. American Tracy Ruiz-Conforto this time received the silver award, third place went to Japanese Mikako Kotani.

In doubles, the strongest duo in Seoul was a duo from Canada - Michelle Cameron and Caroline Waldo, second place was taken by twin sisters Karen and Sarah Josephson from the USA, third place by Japanese women Miyako Tanaka and Mikako Kotani.

At the Games of the XXV Olympiad in Barcelona in 1992, the synchronized swimming competition program did not change. In singles, solo, Christine Babb-Sprague from the USA became the Olympic champion, Canadian Sylvie Freichette won the silver medal, and Japanese athlete Fumiko Ono won the bronze medal. In doubles, the Olympic competition in Barcelona ended with the victory of those same twin sisters - Americans Karen and Sarah Josephson, who were second at the previous Games. The silver medal in Seoul was won by a duo from Canada - sisters Penny and Vicky Vilagos, and a bronze medal - by Japanese women Fumiko Ono and Aki Tayama. After the Games of the XXV Olympiad, the program of Olympic competitions in synchronized swimming underwent changes: competitions in singles and doubles were excluded from it and group exercises were included. Thus, in this sport at the Olympic Games in Atlanta in 1996, the competition was fought for only one set of awards. The team of each country participating in these competitions included ten athletes. The US team won gold medals, Canada won silver, and Japan won bronze.

During the period during which synchronized swimming was included in the program of the Olympic Games - from 1984 to 1996, Olympic awards in this sport were won by representatives of three countries - the USA, Canada and Japan. The US athletes performed more successfully than others over the years, winning 7 medals - 5 gold and 2 silver. The Canadians also have 7 medals - 2 gold and 5 silver, and the Japanese have 7 bronze medals. In the Olympic synchronized swimming competitions, two athletes managed to win three awards each: Tracy Ruiz-Conforto from the USA and Caroline Waldo from Canada received two gold and one silver medals.

The youngest Olympic champion in this sport was Sandy Bones, USA, who was 22 years old when she won the gold medal in doubles at the Games of the XXIII Olympiad in Los Angeles in 1984, along with her compatriot and peer Tracy Ruiz, who only a little over a month older.

The most respectable age at which Olympic gold in synchronized swimming was won is 28 years and 210 days: that is how old the already mentioned twin sisters Karen and Sarah Josephson were when this duo from the USA won the Games of the XXV Olympiad in Barcelona in 1992 .

TECHNICAL PROGRAM
The technical requirements for synchronized swimming are very strict. Athletes can perform exercises to arbitrary musical accompaniment, but they must complete all elements in a strictly established order. The elements required to be performed are determined every 4 years by the Technical Committee of Synchronized Swimming. Duets are given 20 seconds to complete each element of the program, and teams 50 seconds.

FREE PROGRAM
For free exercises, teams and duets can choose their own exercises and music. They must not only create a single composition, but also include complex elements in it. When performing a free program, athletes must also use the entire area of the pool, change the mode and pace in the process, include new elements, unexpected patterns of movements, their changes and movements above the water. The free program continues for 4 minutes for duets and teams.

PREPARATION FOR IMPLEMENTATION(initial position)
When performing all programs, participants are given 10 seconds to take the starting position. It sets the tone for the entire performance, lets the judges and audience know what to expect from the performance, and creates a good first impression.
Judging
Similar to gymnastics and diving, judges score various aspects of a performance using a 10-point system. The discreteness of the assessment is 0.1 points. Two groups of judges, 5 people each, are located around the pool. One group evaluates performance technique, the other - artistry.

EXECUTION TECHNIQUE

ARTISTRY

This includes the sensuality of performance and external impression, the execution of exercises from the point of view of choreography. The compliance of the musical accompaniment with the movements performed is also checked.

SCORING

All calculations are made electronically.

VIOLATIONS

OTHER RULES

If an athlete voluntarily stops performing the program, the duo or team will be disqualified. If this happens during preparation and the program starts again, then a penalty of 2 points follows;

Music should only be heard over water and at a level of no more than 90 dB;

Ties are declared only in the final result, calculated to the nearest 3 tenths of a point;

In a technical program, the referee makes the final decision after watching the video footage.

REFEREEING

Judges' scores in synchronized swimming are similar to those in figure skating. The jury evaluating the actions of the athletes consists of two groups of judges of five people each: one group evaluates the technique of performing the program, and the other evaluates artistry. The maximum score that each jury member can give is ten points. judges evaluate various aspects of the performance using a 10-point system. The discreteness of the assessment is 0.1 points. Two groups of judges, 5 people each, are located around the pool.

POOL

For synchronized swimming competitions, the pool must be 20 m x 30 m in size, with an area of 12 m x 12 m, the depth must be at least 3 m. The water temperature must be 26 C + - 1 C. The water must be transparent from the surface all the way to the bottom to ensure visibility when assessing the completion of elements.

Swimming, Internet service, ...

Characteristic and methods of developing speed abilities

Test >> Physical education and sports

Consider characteristics and methods for developing speed abilities. 1. Characteristic... fibers and their synchronous Job. With biochemical... actions (running, swimming etc.). Development tasks... various methods. Main means of developing various...

Ship navigation radar stations

Book >> Communications and Communications

Operations are given basic tactical and technical characteristics, the purpose of the functional blocks... of which the three-phase synchronous motor and single phase synchronous generator. With... in various conditions swimming. - At swimming In the open sea, ...

Physical Education Cheat Sheet

Cheat sheet >> Culture and art

... swimming butterfly style. Phase structure of movements and kinematic characteristic separate phases. Variability of technology. Basic... series. 9. use of games in water, elements synchronous swimming, training diving and water floor...